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Moumoujus

PURPUROGALLIN.

Insufficient Data CAS 569-77-7 / HUMECTANT, SKIN CONDITIONING

Purpurogallin is a polyphenol recognized for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In targeted in vitro studies, it effectively inhibits melanin production and the expression of key pigmentation enzymes, offering a multi-faceted approach to skin brightening and protection.

Summary

Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory Skin Brightening Melanin Inhibitor Cytoprotector

Science

Mechanism of Action

This active compound functions as a robust antioxidant, demonstrating significant peroxyl radical scavenging activity and potent xanthine oxidase inhibition (IC50 of 0.2 µM). It also exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting nitric oxide synthesis in skin cells, providing cytoprotection. For skin brightening, Purpurogallin intervenes in melanogenesis by reducing tyrosinase activity and downregulating the expression of critical melanin-producing enzymes (tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2) and the master transcription factor MITF.

Research

Clinical Evidence

Low confidence
Effective range N/A
Optimal

N/A

Key findings

  1. 01 In melanoma cells, concentrations ranging from 2.5 µM to 25 µM demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibition of tyrosinase activity and melanin biosynthesis. At 25 µM, over 20% inhibition of tyrosinase activity and 20% inhibition of melanin biosynthesis were observed, leading to approximately 50% melanin reduction compared to control, with cell survival maintained at 80% or higher.
  2. 02 At 25 µM, Purpurogallin significantly reduced the protein expression of key melanogenesis-related factors in melanoma cells: tyrosinase by approximately 10%, TRP-1 by 25%, TRP-2 by 20%, and the transcription factor MITF by 15%.

Transparency

Dusting Analysis

Commonly dusted

Purpurogallin is commonly handled and stored in powder form, and GHS hazard statements indicate it 'May cause respiratory irritation,' suggesting caution is warranted during handling and manufacturing processes where airborne particles could be generated.

The Formula

Formulation

Solubility
Oil
Optimal pH N/A
0 7 14

Stability

Solutions of Purpurogallin are inherently unstable, necessitating fresh preparation or acquisition in small, pre-packaged quantities. For extended storage, the ingredient should be repackaged and maintained as a powder at -20°C for up to 3 years.

Safety

Safety Profile

CIR Status
Not reviewed
Sensitization risk Moderate

GHS Hazard Statements indicate Purpurogallin 'Causes skin irritation' and 'Causes serious eye irritation,' suggesting a moderate to high risk of irritation, particularly at higher concentrations or in undiluted forms. While its precursor, Pyrogallol, faced regulatory concerns and was banned in EU cosmetics, this information pertains to Pyrogallol directly and not Purpurogallin, though it may prompt additional scrutiny due to structural similarities.

Your Skin

Skin Compatibility

No Normal
No Dry
No Oily
No Sensitive
Irritancy High
Comedogenicity Unknown

Our Assessment

Verdict

Insufficient Data

While Purpurogallin demonstrates promising in vitro efficacy in melanin inhibition and antioxidant protection, the lack of human clinical studies, unreviewed safety status by CIR, and explicit GHS irritation warnings necessitate further investigation before widespread recommendation for precision skincare.

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