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Moumoujus

PROPYL ALCOHOL.

Questionable CAS 71-23-8 / ANTIFOAMING, SOLVENT

Propyl alcohol is a straightforward aliphatic alcohol primarily recognized for its solvent and antiseptic properties. It efficiently dissolves lipids and denatures proteins, making it an effective antimicrobial agent and a potential enhancer for ingredient penetration. However, its potent defatting action can compromise the skin's natural barrier.

Summary

Solvent Antiseptic Antimicrobial Penetration Enhancer Defatting Agent

Science

Mechanism of Action

Propyl alcohol functions predominantly as a solvent and antiseptic. Its action involves dissolving natural oils and lipids present on the skin and within microbial cell membranes. As a simple alcohol, it denatures microbial proteins, leading to disrupted cellular structures, inhibited enzyme activity, impaired cell wall synthesis, and compromised DNA replication, thereby exerting antimicrobial effects. Additionally, it can enhance the absorption of other cosmetic ingredients into the skin.

Research

Clinical Evidence

Low confidence
Effective range N/A
Optimal

89.5%

Key findings

  1. 01 A study demonstrated 89.5% propyl alcohol as the most effective alcohol solution for reducing aerobic skin flora.

Transparency

Dusting Analysis

Not commonly dusted

The Formula

Formulation

Solubility
Both
Optimal pH 3 – 11
0 7 14

Stability

This ingredient exhibits excellent stability across a broad pH spectrum, specifically between pH 3 and 11.

Synergies

  • Enhances the penetration and absorption of other active ingredients.

Conflicts

  • May degrade certain plastics, rubbers, and coatings used in packaging.
  • Its defatting action can compromise the skin's natural barrier, potentially leading to dryness and irritation.
  • Can negate the intended moisturizing benefits of co-formulated humectants and emollients.

Safety

Safety Profile

CIR Status
Not reviewed
Sensitization risk Moderate

The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel and the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) have not specifically evaluated propyl alcohol. The FDA has not categorized n-propanol as safe and effective for skin antisepsis (Category I). While some sources suggest it is non-irritant at cosmetic concentrations, it is widely recognized as a defatting agent that can induce dermatitis with prolonged exposure. Animal studies indicate potential for mild skin desquamation after extended contact and significant eye irritation at concentrations of 5% or higher, with serious eye damage observed at 10% or more.

Your Skin

Skin Compatibility

No Normal
No Dry
No Oily
No Sensitive
Irritancy Moderate
Comedogenicity Unknown

Our Assessment

Verdict

Questionable

While effective as a solvent and antiseptic, propyl alcohol's significant defatting properties and potential to disrupt the skin barrier make its inclusion questionable for precision skincare formulations.

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