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POLYAMINOPROPYL BIGUANIDE.

Valuable CAS 32289-58-0 [1]/27083-27-8 [2]/28757-47-3 [3]/ 133029-32-0 [4] / PRESERVATIVE

Polyaminopropyl Biguanide is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent widely used in skincare to maintain product integrity by preventing microbial growth. It functions as a fast-acting bactericide, essential for ensuring the safety and shelf-life of various cosmetic formulations.

Summary

Preservative Antimicrobial

Science

Mechanism of Action

This ingredient eradicates harmful microorganisms by disrupting their cell membrane integrity, leading to cell death. This precise mechanism protects cosmetic products from deterioration caused by microbial proliferation.

Research

Clinical Evidence

High confidence
Effective range ≤0.1%
Optimal

0.1%

Key findings

  1. 01 Considered safe for use as a preservative in all cosmetic products (excluding spray formulations) at 0.1% by the SCCS.
  2. 02 Did not induce dermal sensitization in a Human Repeat Insult Patch Test (HRIPT) when used in a leave-on product at 0.1%.

Transparency

Dusting Analysis

Not commonly dusted

The Formula

Formulation

Solubility
Water
Optimal pH 3 – 8
0 7 14

Stability

Polyaminopropyl Biguanide demonstrates stability across a broad pH range of 3.0-8.0 and various temperatures, exhibiting optimal efficacy at neutral pH. The raw material typically presents with a pH between 4 and 5.

Conflicts

  • Potentially incompatible with anionic ingredients due to its cationic nature.

Safety

Safety Profile

CIR Status
Safe as used
Max tested
0.1%
Sensitization risk Low

The CIR Expert Panel concluded Polyaminopropyl Biguanide is safe for cosmetic use when formulated to be non-irritating and non-sensitizing, with a maximum safe concentration of 0.1%. The SCCS also deems it safe for use as a preservative up to 0.1% (excluding spray formulations), but not safe above 0.3%. Notably, the EU classifies it as a CMR 2 (carcinogenic category 2), requiring specific safety evaluations. While legal in the USA, data are insufficient to determine safety in products that may be inhaled. Higher concentrations (≥0.4% in HRIPT or ≥2% generally) have been shown to act as a skin sensitizer, and two cases of severe anaphylaxis were reported following contact with a surgical wound at 0.2% in a hospital disinfectant setting.

Your Skin

Skin Compatibility

Yes Normal
Yes Dry
Yes Oily
No Sensitive
Irritancy Low
Comedogenicity Unknown

Our Assessment

Verdict

Valuable

Polyaminopropyl Biguanide is a valuable preservative, safely utilized at 0.1% to inhibit microbial growth, though its classification as a CMR 2 by the EU necessitates careful formulation and strict adherence to concentration limits.

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