Science
Mechanism of Action
As a nonionic triblock copolymer, Poloxamer 333 comprises a hydrophobic core of polyoxypropylene flanked by two hydrophilic chains of polyoxyethylene. This structure allows it to function as a highly effective surfactant, reducing the surface tension between different phases. This action facilitates the formation of stable emulsions, solubilizes otherwise insoluble ingredients, and acts as a cleansing agent by helping water mix with oils and impurities, allowing them to be easily rinsed away from the skin.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Low confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 Demonstrated antibacterial activity, achieving 90% inhibition of Mycobacterium avium complex.
- 02 Surface concentrations within this range in tissue engineering applications promoted rapid cell growth and inhibited platelet adhesion/activation.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
No data suggesting Poloxamer 333 is commonly 'dusted' or used below effective percentages for claimed benefits in cosmetic applications.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Poloxamers are known to form micelles, hydrogels, and lyotropic liquid crystals, with their phase behavior being sensitive to temperature. Rigorous purification steps are essential during manufacturing to maintain purity and control levels of impurities such as 1,4-dioxane, ethylene oxide, and propylene oxide.
Safety
Safety Profile
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel concluded that Poloxamer 333, like other Poloxamers, is safe for use in cosmetics, citing consistently negative results in dermal irritation and sensitization tests. Due to its molecular weight and solubility, skin penetration is expected to be minimal. The CIR Panel emphasizes the necessity for the cosmetic industry to uphold stringent purification processes to keep trace impurities like 1,4-dioxane, ethylene oxide, and propylene oxide below established regulatory limits. It is also recognized by the FDA as an indirect food additive, approved for incidental food contact in sanitizing solutions.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Poloxamer 333 is a valuable nonionic copolymer essential for formulation stability, effective cleansing, and solubilization in a wide range of cosmetic products, recognized for its low sensitization risk.
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