Science
Mechanism of Action
Operating as a nonionic surfactant, Poloxamer 331 functions by lowering the interfacial tension between diverse substances. Its distinct structure enables it to stabilize oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions and facilitate the solubilization of hydrophobic compounds within aqueous solutions. In cleansing applications, it efficiently binds to oil and dirt, allowing for their easy removal with water. Furthermore, its hydrophobic core can interact with epidermal lipids, potentially enhancing the transdermal absorption of active agents into the stratum corneum and dermis.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Low confidenceN/A
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Poloxamer 331 solutions exhibit an optimal pH range between 6.0 and 7.4. It is susceptible to degradation at elevated temperatures, which can lead to auto-oxidation, chain cleavage, and the formation of acidic byproducts (formic, acetic acids) and aldehydes, resulting in a measurable pH decrease. Stability can be significantly improved by incorporating suitable antioxidants into the formulation.
Synergies
- antioxidants
Conflicts
- strong oxidizing agents
- heat
Safety
Safety Profile
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel has concluded Poloxamer 331 to be safe for use in cosmetics. While it may induce minimal ocular irritation, clinical tests consistently show no evidence of dermal irritation or sensitization. Trace amounts of 1,4-dioxane, a manufacturing byproduct of ethoxylation, are controllable through purification to ensure product safety standards are met.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Poloxamer 331 is a highly versatile and safe nonionic surfactant, invaluable for formulating stable and effective skincare products across all skin types, particularly for its cleansing and ingredient solubilizing capabilities.
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