Science
Mechanism of Action
This ingredient functions by reducing the surface tension of substances, acting as a powerful surfactant. Its structure comprises a hydrophobic polyoxypropylene (PPO) core flanked by two hydrophilic polyoxyethylene (PEO) chains, enabling it to form spherical micelles in aqueous solutions. These micelles efficiently encapsulate hydrophobic oils and dirt, facilitating their suspension and easy removal from the skin with rinsing.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence20%
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
No available data suggests that Poloxamer 183 is commonly associated with dusting issues or specific dusting thresholds in cosmetic applications.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Poloxamer 183 solutions exhibit temperature-dependent self-assembly, demonstrating thermo-gelling behavior at higher temperatures and reverting to liquid upon cooling. Its physicochemical properties, including critical micelle concentration and micelle shape, can be notably influenced by alterations in pH, salt concentration, and the presence of organic solvents.
Safety
Safety Profile
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel has concluded that Poloxamer 183 is safe for use in cosmetics at concentrations up to 20%. Animal studies indicated minimal ocular irritation but no dermal irritation or sensitization. Clinical tests for dermal irritation and sensitization were uniformly negative. Due to its molecular weight and solubility, skin penetration is expected to be minimal and slow. The industry is advised to maintain rigorous purification procedures to keep impurities like ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and 1,4-dioxane below established limits. Poloxamers are also recognized by the FDA as indirect food additives and are approved for pharmaceutical use, aligning with general cosmetic regulations in Europe.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Poloxamer 183 is a valuable nonionic surfactant, effectively cleansing and solubilizing while maintaining a high safety profile and broad skin compatibility across diverse product types.
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