Science
Mechanism of Action
This extract functions primarily through its rich content of flavonoids and terpenes, which provide potent antioxidant benefits by neutralizing free radicals, thereby supporting skin elasticity and overall health. Its anti-inflammatory effects help alleviate redness and irritation, while promoting healthy cell regeneration. The ingredient further assists in maintaining the skin's protective barrier, demonstrating antimicrobial and antiseptic properties against various microorganisms. Additionally, it aids in balancing sebaceous gland activity, stimulates collagen production, and offers astringent and moisturizing qualities for a revitalized complexion.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 In vitro studies on Pelargonium graveolens flower essential oil demonstrated substantial anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting BSA denaturation from 57.20% at 0.312 μL/ml to 86.48% at 20 μL/ml.
- 02 Pelargonium graveolens leaves extract exhibited radical neutralization (antioxidant) activity with an IC50 of 22.93 ± 8.08 µg/mL in a DPPH assay.
- 03 Methanol-aqueous extracts from Pelargonium graveolens leaves actively scavenged DPPH and ABTS•+ radicals (273.45 mg trolox equivalent/g and 531.97 mgTE/g, respectively), confirming strong antioxidant capabilities and high reducing power.
- 04 The leaf extract reduced cytotoxicity on normal human fibroblast cells at concentrations ranging from 6.25-250 μg/mL; however, cytotoxicity increased at higher concentrations (up to 8000 μg/mL).
- 05 Pelargonium graveolens essential oil displayed significant antioxidant, enzyme inhibition (e.g., α-amylase, tyrosinase), and antibacterial effects in various in vitro assays.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Generally compatible with a broad range of cosmetic ingredients, including oils, waxes, and emulsifiers, particularly noted for its essential oil form.
Conflicts
- Identified as an established contact allergen, potentially causing allergic skin reactions or irritation, particularly in sensitive individuals.
- Contains fragrant components such as citronellol, geraniol, and linalool, which are known to irritate sensitive skin.
Safety
Safety Profile
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel proposed a review in 2023, indicating that a final safety assessment for Pelargonium Graveolens Leaf Extract is pending due to insufficient data. The European Commission's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) reports Pelargonium Graveolens Extract as an established human contact allergen. While Pelargonium Graveolens Oil (essential oil) is generally considered safe for cosmetic use at 1% to 5% with a recommended patch test, its fragrance components are potential irritants. The FDA lists 'GERANIUM EXTRACT' and 'GERANIUM, ROSE, OIL' as GRAS flavoring agents, referring to essential oils, not necessarily the specific leaf extract, and notes that 'NLFG is no longer FEMA GRAS™'.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
While Pelargonium Graveolens Leaf Extract offers notable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin-conditioning benefits, its established high risk of contact allergenicity and medium irritancy profile, particularly for sensitive skin, warrants careful consideration in precision skincare formulations.
Related
Similar Ingredients
Finding similar ingredients…