Science
Mechanism of Action
This extract operates through several key pathways. As an antioxidant, it actively neutralizes oxidative damage by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, boosting critical cellular antioxidants like glutathione, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase 4, and exhibiting iron-chelating capacity. It also reduces intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) production, upregulating NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1). Its anti-inflammatory action is mediated by modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome, suppressing the mRNA expressions of NLRP3 and IL-1β, and repressing COX2 and iNOS expressions in dermal fibroblasts. It further reduces IL-1α and IL-8 secretion in keratinocytes. Beyond these, it enhances skin conditioning, promotes deep hydration, and improves skin softness. For anti-aging, it combats oxidative stress, assists in the reduction of fine lines, improves elasticity, and stimulates collagen production. Additionally, its key component, 10-hydroxydecanoic acid (10-HDA), contributes to oil regulation and possesses antibacterial properties, making it beneficial for managing acne.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 In primary human dermal fibroblasts, concentrations from 5-200 μg/mL of its peptide form (Hydrolyzed Royal Jelly Peptide, RJP) effectively inhibit H2O2-induced oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation. It significantly enhances glutathione levels and increases the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase 4. The peptide also modulates the NLRP3 inflammasome, suppressing mRNA expressions of NLRP3 and IL-1β, and repressing COX2 and iNOS expressions.
- 02 In HaCaT keratinocytes, hydrolyzed protein in royal jelly increased cell tolerance and suppressed Interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-8 secretion against sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) exposure. It also reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, suggesting a potential to improve or prevent rough skin formation.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Optimal efficacy is observed within a pH range of 4.0-5.5, particularly for its key component 10-hydroxydecanoic acid (10-HDA). The ingredient can tolerate heat up to 70°C; however, temperatures exceeding 70°C should be avoided to maintain the stability of its beneficial compounds and major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs).
Conflicts
- Not suitable for vegan formulations due to its bee origin.
- May trigger allergic reactions in individuals with known sensitivities to bee products or pollen.
Safety
Safety Profile
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) has reported 'insufficient data' specifically for 'HYDROLYZED ROYAL JELLY EXTRACT,' although broader assessments exist for hydrolyzed source proteins. While unhydrolyzed Royal Jelly Extract is generally considered safe at 0.1-5% with low irritation, specific dermal toxicity for the hydrolyzed form remains undetermined. A moderate sensitization risk exists for individuals with known allergies to bee products or pollen, necessitating careful consideration in formulation for such users.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Hydrolyzed Royal Jelly Extract is a valuable ingredient, demonstrating robust antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hydrating benefits across various skin concerns, though specific safety data for the hydrolyzed form warrants cautious consideration for individuals with bee product sensitivities.
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References
Sources