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Moumoujus

HC RED NO. 3.

Avoid CAS 2871-01-4 / HAIR DYEING

HC RED NO. 3 is a synthetic direct dye primarily utilized for imparting color, particularly in hair dye formulations. It does not possess any recognized mechanism of action for providing benefits to the skin and is subject to significant regulatory restrictions due to safety concerns.

Summary

hair color

Science

Mechanism of Action

This ingredient functions as a direct dye, imparting color without necessitating an oxidative reaction. There is no scientific information available indicating a specific mechanism of action that confers benefits to the skin's biological functions or appearance.

Research

Clinical Evidence

Low confidence
Effective range N/A
Optimal

N/A

Transparency

Dusting Analysis

Not commonly dusted

HC Red No. 3 is not an active ingredient intended for skincare and has no established dermatological benefits. Therefore, it is not subject to 'dusting' claims in the context of skin health.

The Formula

Formulation

Solubility
Water
Optimal pH 3.5 – 9
0 7 14

Stability

HC Red No. 3 is soluble in water (0.28% w/w), ethanol, and acetone, dissolving optimally in hot water (70-80°C). It demonstrates stability for approximately 65 days at room temperature when protected from light. Solutions in aqueous PEG stored under refrigeration maintain stability for up to 15 days. Maintaining a pH below 9 is critical, as higher alkalinity can lead to decomposition, though color adhesion is enhanced up to this pH limit.

Conflicts

  • N-nitrosating agents
  • Anionic surfactants
  • Salts (electrolytes)

Safety

Safety Profile

CIR Status
Safe with restrictions
Max tested
0%
Pregnancy
Caution
Sensitization risk High

The CIR Expert Panel found HC Red No. 3 safe for hair dyes when N-nitrosating agents are absent. However, the SCCS classified it as a strong skin sensitizer in animal studies, despite human patch tests (which they consider unethical) showing no sensitization. Critically, the U.S. FDA banned its use in cosmetics, including skincare and topical drugs, in 1990 due to evidence linking it to cancer in rats. This ban was further extended to food and ingested drugs from January 15, 2025, due to consistent cancer concerns in laboratory animals, citing the Delaney Clause.

Your Skin

Skin Compatibility

No Normal
No Dry
No Oily
No Sensitive
Irritancy High
Comedogenicity Medium

Our Assessment

Verdict

Avoid

HC RED NO. 3 is banned for use in cosmetics and skincare in the United States due to compelling evidence of carcinogenicity and its identification as a strong skin sensitizer, offering no benefits for skin health.

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