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Moumoujus

GOLD.

Avoid CAS 7440-57-5 / COLORANT, SKIN CONDITIONING - MISCELLANEOUS, SLIP MODIFIER, SURFACE MODIFIER

Gold, frequently utilized in precision skincare as colloidal particles or nanoparticles, is often marketed for its potential to impart radiance, reduce inflammation, and deliver anti-aging benefits. However, its efficacy as an active ingredient lacks robust clinical validation, and its safety, particularly in nanoscale forms, is a significant concern for international regulatory bodies.

Summary

Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory Skin Conditioning Cosmetic Colorant Radiance Enhancer Delivery Enhancer

Science

Mechanism of Action

In its colloidal or nanoparticle state, gold is theorized to function as an antioxidant by inhibiting reactive oxygen species and scavenging free radicals, while also exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. It is believed to stimulate microcirculation, accelerate cellular regeneration, facilitate skin repair, and enhance elasticity and collagen synthesis to mitigate signs of aging. Furthermore, gold particles can serve as delivery vehicles for other active compounds and contribute to a visibly radiant complexion through light reflection.

Research

Clinical Evidence

Low confidence
Effective range N/A
Optimal

N/A

Transparency

Dusting Analysis

Not commonly dusted

The Formula

Formulation

Solubility
Water
Optimal pH N/A
0 7 14

Stability

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) typically exist as colloidal suspensions in water, with their stability highly dependent on the pH of the surrounding medium, which influences electrostatic balance and aggregation prevention. Optimal pH ranges for AuNP stability vary significantly based on synthesis methods and capping agents, with studies reporting ranges such as 4-6, 5-8, 6-10 for biological AuNPs, and 7.0-8.5 for immunogold conjugation. Reversible color changes in colloidal gold have been observed between pH 4 and 10. Stabilizers like polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are frequently employed to prevent agglomeration and ensure long-term stability in formulations.

Safety

Safety Profile

CIR Status
Not reviewed
Sensitization risk Unknown

The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) has not published a specific safety assessment for Gold as an active skincare ingredient. The Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) has expressed significant concern regarding the use of Gold (nano), Colloidal Gold (nano), and Surface Modified Gold (nano) materials in cosmetic products, citing insufficient safety data to permit assessment and identifying a basis for consumer risk. As a result, the European Union has issued a ban on Gold (nano) and Colloidal Gold (nano) from February 2025. The U.S. FDA delisted Gold (CI 77480) as a color additive for cosmetic use in 1976 due to 'no interest' and currently has no approved dermatological indications for gold.

Your Skin

Skin Compatibility

No Normal
No Dry
No Oily
No Sensitive
Irritancy Unknown
Comedogenicity Unknown

Our Assessment

Verdict

Avoid

Despite marketing claims of anti-aging and skin-enhancing benefits, gold lacks sufficient scientific backing for efficacy and presents significant safety concerns, particularly in its nano form, leading to an EU ban.

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