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Moumoujus

DISPERSE VIOLET 1.

Questionable CAS 128-95-0 / HAIR DYEING

Disperse Violet 1 is an anthraquinone-derived synthetic colorant primarily utilized for imparting a violet hue. It functions by depositing onto or adhering to hair fibers, offering color in both semi-permanent and permanent hair dyeing systems.

Summary

Colorant

Science

Mechanism of Action

As an anthraquinone colorant, Disperse Violet 1's mechanism involves imparting color by either physically adhering to the exterior of the hair shaft in semi-permanent systems or by undergoing oxidation to form larger, color-fast molecules within the hair fiber during permanent oxidative dyeing. It is generally described as a solvent-soluble dye, which aids its application and distribution.

Research

Clinical Evidence

Medium confidence
Effective range N/A
Optimal

0.5%

Transparency

Dusting Analysis

Not commonly dusted

Disperse Violet 1 is a colorant; the concept of 'dusting' typically applies to active ingredients where efficacy might plateau or reverse at higher concentrations, which is not relevant in this context.

The Formula

Formulation

Solubility
Oil
Optimal pH N/A
0 7 14

Stability

Demonstrated stability for seven days in a 0.02% w/v water/acetone solution when stored at ambient temperature and protected from light. A saturated aqueous solution exhibits a pH of approximately 6.69-7 at 20°C.

Conflicts

  • General incompatible materials (specifics not provided)
  • Foodstuff containers (not recommended for storage)

Safety

Safety Profile

CIR Status
Safe as used
Max tested
0.5%
Sensitization risk High

The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel concluded Disperse Violet 1 was safe as a hair dye ingredient, a finding reaffirmed in 2007. The European SCCS later considered it safe for use as a non-oxidative hair dye with a maximum on-head concentration of 0.5%. However, it is classified as a Skin Sensitizer Category 1, indicating a clear potential to cause an allergic skin reaction, as evidenced by sensitization observed in human patch tests at 3.0% concentration. While a 5.0% formulation was nonirritating to skin and eyes in specific tests, this does not negate its sensitization potential. The FDA regulates colorants in cosmetics, but Disperse Violet 1 is not among the specific D&C or FD&C Violet forms that have been delisted. EWG categorizes it as 'Unacceptable' for EWG Verified products due to concerns regarding allergies/immunotoxicity and limited evidence of carcinogenicity.

Your Skin

Skin Compatibility

No Normal
No Dry
No Oily
No Sensitive
Irritancy High
Comedogenicity Unknown

Our Assessment

Verdict

Questionable

Disperse Violet 1 effectively provides a violet color but carries a significant risk of skin sensitization, making its use in precision skincare products generally questionable despite regulatory approval for specific hair dye applications at controlled concentrations.

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