Science
Mechanism of Action
As a strong keratolytic, it induces cell necrosis and shedding of the outermost skin layer by disrupting protein structures and interfering with cellular energy production.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence80%
Key findings
- 01 Effective for warts, calluses, skin tags, molluscum contagiosum, keratoses, and certain skin cancers by causing cellular necrosis.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Its extreme corrosivity and toxicity make it unsuitable for any form of general cosmetic application or airborne exposure.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
A strong acid (pKa 2.86), stable yet deliquescent, forming highly acidic solutions typically below pH 1 at high concentrations.
Conflicts
- Strong bases
- Alkalis
- Most common metals
- Strong oxidizing agents
- Amines
- Systemic retinoids
- Skin-drying/sensitizing drugs
Safety
Safety Profile
Highly toxic and corrosive by all exposure routes, causing severe irritation and burns. Exposure to >6% body surface area can be fatal; banned as a food additive and classified as a hazardous substance.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Due to its extreme toxicity, corrosivity, and high irritation potential, this ingredient is unsuitable for general cosmetic use and is strictly limited to controlled medical applications.
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