Science
Mechanism of Action
Functions primarily through dual pathways: delivers pleasant fragrance while disrupting microbial cell membranes, particularly targeting ergosterol in fungal walls. As a cinnamic acid derivative, it neutralizes free radicals and offers secondary UV-B absorption, though insufficient as standalone photoprotection.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidence0.1%
Key findings
- 01 Achieved significant antimicrobial efficacy with MIC of 626.62 µM against C. albicans and S. aureus pathogens
- 02 Human patch testing demonstrated zero irritation or sensitization responses in volunteer subjects
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Primarily used for fragrance purposes with established concentration limits, making dusting unlikely in legitimate formulations
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Demonstrates excellent stability in anhydrous systems and oil-in-water emulsions within neutral to mildly acidic pH environments. Vulnerable to hydrolytic breakdown into cinnamic acid and butanol under extreme pH conditions.
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents
- Strong bases (alkalis)
- Strong acids
Safety
Safety Profile
Holds GRAS status from FEMA and FDA approval as food additive (21 CFR 172.515). IFRA guidelines recommend maximum 0.1% in finished fragrances based on 20% fragrance blend calculations.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A well-tolerated fragrance ingredient with bonus antimicrobial properties, suitable for most skin types except sensitive skin.
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References
Sources