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Moumoujus

BASIC YELLOW 57.

Valuable CAS 68391-31-1 / HAIR DYEING

A cationic monoazo dye utilized in non-oxidative hair formulations for its ability to deposit pigment through electrostatic attraction. It functions as a direct colorant, adhering to the keratin surface without requiring chemical developers or structural penetration of the hair shaft.

Summary

Hair dyeing Colorant

Science

Mechanism of Action

Operating as a positively charged (cationic) molecule, Basic Yellow 57 binds to the naturally negatively charged keratin proteins on the hair cuticle. This electrostatic mechanism allows for temporary color deposition on the surface rather than deep cortex penetration, making it less structurally invasive than oxidative dyeing processes.

Research

Clinical Evidence

High confidence
Effective range 0.43–2%
Optimal

2%

Key findings

  1. 01 SCCS Opinion SCCS/1231/09 (2010) established a 2.0% safety threshold for scalp applications.
  2. 02 A 90-day subchronic toxicity study determined a No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) of 50 mg/kg bw/day.
  3. 03 CIR Expert Panel (2021) confirmed safety in current usage practices up to 0.43% in standard hair dyes.

Transparency

Dusting Analysis

Not commonly dusted
Min. effective
0.1%
Red flag below
0.05%

As a pigment, this ingredient is rarely 'dusted' because visible color results require specific concentrations. However, levels below 0.1% in color-refreshing products may be insufficient for functional pigment correction.

The Formula

Formulation

Solubility
Water
Optimal pH ≤9
0 7 14

Stability

Highly sensitive to alkaline environments; the molecule decays if the formulation exceeds pH 9.0. It is also thermally sensitive, with decomposition occurring above 220°C.

Conflicts

  • Anionic surfactants
  • Strong electrolytes
  • Strong oxidizing agents
  • Strong acids

Safety

Safety Profile

CIR Status
Safe as used
Max tested
2%
Sensitization risk Moderate

Classified as a coal tar derivative. Mandatory 48-hour patch testing is required to screen for individual sensitization. Strictly prohibited for use near the eyes (eyebrows/eyelashes) due to potential for severe ocular damage or blindness.

Your Skin

Skin Compatibility

Yes Normal
Yes Dry
Yes Oily
No Sensitive
Irritancy Unknown
Comedogenicity Unknown

Our Assessment

Verdict

Valuable

A precise, surface-acting colorant ideal for temporary hair pigment correction, provided it is formulated within strict pH limits and avoids anionic interference.

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