Science
Mechanism of Action
The molecule functions through electrostatic attraction; its positive charge binds to negatively charged surfaces, such as the keratin found in hair and the skin's stratum corneum. In hair care, it is capable of bypassing the cuticle to reside within the cortex for semi-permanent color deposition.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Low confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 Clinical guinea pig maximization tests (GPMT) established the ingredient as a potent sensitizer, with a 1% concentration eliciting severe allergic contact dermatitis reactions.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Because this ingredient is banned in many regions and lacks FDA certification for general cosmetic use, even trace amounts are considered a formulation red flag.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
The dye exhibits significant color instability outside of a specific pH range, shifting to red in highly acidic environments (pH < 3.0) and yellow in highly alkaline conditions (pH > 12.0).
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents
- Strong reducing agents
- Anionic surfactants
Safety
Safety Profile
Legally banned for use in hair dyes within the European Union (Annex II). It is not listed as an approved color additive by the FDA for general cosmetics. QSAR modeling indicates a 65% probability of mutagenicity and a 79% risk of skin sensitization.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Basic Orange 1 is a known potent sensitizer with a high risk of mutagenicity and contact dermatitis, making it unsuitable for precision skincare.
Related
Similar Ingredients
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References
Sources