Science
Mechanism of Action
This extract facilitates skin recovery by upregulating Cytokeratin-17 (CK-17) expression, which accelerates keratinocyte migration and fibroblast proliferation. Its antimicrobial action is achieved through the degradation of microbial plasma membranes and the inhibition of DNA topoisomerase, while its rich phenolic content, including apigenin and luteolin, neutralizes reactive oxygen species and prevents lipid peroxidation.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidence0.2%
Key findings
- 01 A 0.2% concentration in a topical cream base significantly enhanced reepithelialization and fibroblast activity while reducing inflammatory infiltration.
- 02 In vitro studies established a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 0.1% against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Many formulations include this ingredient at trace levels for its 'natural' label appeal. However, clinical data suggests that a minimum of 0.1% is required to achieve measurable antibacterial and skin-repair benefits.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
The extract exhibits maximum long-term stability in slightly acidic environments between pH 4.7 and 5.0. Formulations exceeding 10% concentration may experience a downward pH drift over time.
Synergies
- Complementary antioxidants
- Barrier-repair lipids
- Soothing agents
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents
- Alkaline environments (pH > 7.0) which degrade phenolic components
Safety
Safety Profile
While generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA, the extract contains furanocoumarins (psoralens), which may cause phytophotodermatitis in UV-exposed or highly sensitive skin.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
An efficacious botanical for wound healing and microbial management when formulated at concentrations above 0.1% in stabilized, slightly acidic vehicles.
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References
Sources