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Moumoujus

AMMONIUM CARBAMATE.

Questionable CAS 1111-78-0 / BUFFERING

A highly unstable buffering compound that decomposes into ammonia and carbon dioxide upon skin contact. While primarily used in hair processing applications, emerging research explores its potential as a transdermal penetration enhancer through temporary disruption of the skin's lipid barrier.

Summary

buffering pH adjustment penetration enhancement

Science

Mechanism of Action

Functions as a pH buffer while decomposing into smaller molecular components (ammonia derivatives and CO2) that temporarily alter stratum corneum lipid organization, potentially enhancing the penetration of other active ingredients through the skin barrier.

Research

Clinical Evidence

Low confidence
Effective range 3–6.5%
Optimal

N/A

Key findings

  1. 01 Industrial assessment shows typical usage at 3.0-6.5% in hair care applications
  2. 02 Research demonstrates transdermal permeation enhancement through stratum corneum lipid interaction

Transparency

Dusting Analysis

Not commonly dusted
Red flag below
6.5%

Rarely used in skincare formulations due to inherent instability and irritation potential at effective concentrations

The Formula

Formulation

Solubility
Water
Optimal pH 4.5 – 7
0 7 14

Stability

Extremely unstable in air with sublimation occurring at 60°C; exists in equilibrium with ammonia and CO2 in aqueous solutions; decomposes under high temperature or alkaline conditions

Conflicts

  • High temperatures above 34°C
  • Strong acids
  • Strong bases
  • Oxidizing agents

Safety

Safety Profile

CIR Status
Not reviewed
Max tested
6.5%
Sensitization risk Low

Classified as Category 1 eye irritant and Category 2 skin irritant in concentrated forms; demonstrates low acute dermal toxicity with no sensitization potential

Your Skin

Skin Compatibility

Yes Normal
Yes Dry
Yes Oily
No Sensitive
Irritancy Moderate
Comedogenicity Unknown

Our Assessment

Verdict

Questionable

Limited skincare utility due to inherent instability and moderate irritation potential despite interesting penetration enhancement properties.

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