Science
Mechanism of Action
It functions as a neurotransmitter-inhibiting peptide, mimicking a SNAP-25 protein fragment to compete within the SNARE complex. This action reduces acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction, thereby decreasing the frequency and intensity of facial muscle contractions.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 10% solution reduced wrinkle depth by 30% over 30 days in human volunteers.
- 02 5% solution reduced wrinkle depth by 16.26% over 28 days.
- 03 10% solution decreased eye wrinkle depth by 17% over 15 days.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
While clinical studies demonstrate efficacy at 5-10%, the CIR Expert Panel has deemed it safe for leave-on products only up to 0.005%, noting insufficient data for higher concentrations. This significant disparity suggests that marketed products claiming efficacy may use concentrations exceeding currently assessed safe levels.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
A hydrophilic peptide, it is most stable in slightly acidic to neutral pH. Avoid high heat (>40°C) during formulation; add during the cooling phase.
Conflicts
- strong oxidizers
- strong acids (pH < 3.0)
- strong bases (pH > 8.0)
- proteolytic enzymes
Safety
Safety Profile
The CIR Expert Panel found it safe at concentrations up to 0.005% for leave-on products. However, data were insufficient to determine safety for cosmetic use above this reported survey level, despite higher concentrations being commonly marketed for efficacy.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
This valuable peptide effectively reduces dynamic wrinkles via a unique muscle-relaxing mechanism, though its clinically effective concentrations significantly surpass the CIR's current maximum concentration for assessed safety.
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References
Sources