Science
Mechanism of Action
This complex forms a colloidal polymer 'gel plug' upon reacting with sweat within eccrine gland ducts, physically blocking perspiration. These plugs are naturally shed over time through the skin's normal keratinization process.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence20%
Key findings
- 01 Typical sweat reduction at 20% concentration ranges from 20% to 60%, aligning with FDA-allowed maximums for anhydrous complexes.
- 02 Average dermal absorption of aluminum through the skin is notably low, approximately 0.012%, based on studies of similar aluminum complexes.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Optimal stability and efficacy are observed in acidic environments (pH 3.0-5.0), decreasing at higher pH. Glycine is added to stabilize zirconium and prevent premature precipitation; avoid heating above 80°C.
Conflicts
- Strong bases
- Anionic surfactants
- Soap-based emulsifiers
- Phosphate-containing ingredients
Safety
Safety Profile
Safety is primarily regulated by the FDA OTC Antiperspirant Monograph in the US. The SCCS (EU) deems it safe in non-spray formulations up to maximum levels but restricts its use in sprayable products.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
This active ingredient is highly effective as an antiperspirant, clinically proven to reduce sweat, and is well-tolerated by most skin types.
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References
Sources