Science
Mechanism of Action
As an Alkali-Swellable Emulsion (ASE) polymer, it thickens upon pH neutralization. Acid groups ionize and repel, causing the polymer to swell, forming a 3D network that increases viscosity and stabilizes emulsions.
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidenceN/A
Key findings
- 01 A Human Repeated Insult Patch Test (HRIPT) on 47 subjects confirmed a 25% aqueous dilution to be non-irritating and non-sensitizing.
- 02 Clinical testing of the solid form at 30% showed no evidence of irritation or sensitization in human subjects.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Supplied as a low-viscosity acidic liquid, it requires neutralization with a base (e.g., TEA, NaOH) for thickening activation. It demonstrates excellent clarity and salt tolerance superior to conventional carbomers.
Conflicts
- Cationic surfactants
- Low pH environments (below 5.0 causes precipitation/thinning)
- High concentrations of divalent electrolytes (e.g., Calcium, Magnesium)
Safety
Safety Profile
The CIR Expert Panel concluded it is safe for use when formulated to be non-irritating. A maximum concentration of 25% is recommended for leave-on dermal products.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
This versatile and well-tolerated rheology modifier is highly valuable for achieving desired product textures and stability across various precision skincare formulations.
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References
Sources