Science
Mechanism of Action
This ingredient neutralizes free radicals through its high phenolic and flavonoid content, offering antioxidant protection. It also contributes to skin soothing by reducing inflammatory markers and provides antibacterial action via bacterial membrane disruption.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidence0.78%
Key findings
- 01 Concentrations between 0.13% - 0.78% are recommended for safe use in leave-on products to minimize sensitization risk.
- 02 Demonstrated maximum antioxidant activity (86.43% DPPH scavenging) at a 20% concentration in vitro.
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Highly sensitive to light and oxidation due to its volatile oil components. Stability is often enhanced through nano-emulsions or by maintaining a neutral pH (~7.0) during processing.
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents
- Strongly acidic environments
Safety
Safety Profile
Classified as a GHS Category 1B sensitizer and Category 2 irritant. Concerns about beta-asarone, a potential carcinogen, are mitigated as cosmetic-grade versions are typically processed to be beta-asarone-free.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Despite its beneficial properties, this ingredient requires highly precise formulation and processing to mitigate significant sensitization and irritancy risks.
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References
Sources