Science
Mechanism of Action
Functions as a coupler or precursor in oxidative dyeing systems, undergoing chemical reaction with hydrogen peroxide to form large chromophore molecules that penetrate and permanently alter hair structure
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence0.5%
Key findings
- 01 SCCS Opinion (SCCP/0980/06): 0.5% concentration mixed 1:1 with hydrogen peroxide deemed safe for consumer use
- 02 CIR Amended Safety Assessment 2025: Pig skin penetration studies showed 0.39-0.83 μg eq/cm² absorption over 24 hours at 0.29% concentration
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Not applicable to skincare formulations - exclusively used in hair coloring applications
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Light-sensitive compound requiring dark storage under inert atmosphere; maintains stability under standard conditions but degrades upon light exposure
Synergies
- hydrogen peroxide
Conflicts
- strong oxidizing agents
- strong acids
- strong reducing agents
- acid chlorides
- acid anhydrides
Safety
Safety Profile
Regulatory approval limited to oxidative hair dyes with 0.5% maximum concentration after mixing; identified as potential skin sensitizer requiring patch testing
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Specialized hair dye ingredient with mutagenic properties and sensitization potential - inappropriate for precision skincare applications.
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References
Sources