Science
Mechanism of Action
Disrupts the highly organized lipid bilayer structure of the stratum corneum, increasing membrane fluidity and facilitating deeper penetration of active ingredients. Simultaneously forms a thin occlusive film on skin surface to reduce transepidermal water loss while functioning as a low-volatility solvent for waxes and fats.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidence1%
Key findings
- 01 Demonstrated significant skin penetration enhancement properties, though less potent than 2-nonanol (Li and Chantasart, 2019)
- 02 Shown to contribute moisturizing and skin-softening benefits at 3.6-5.4% concentration in commercial Cica Method Cream formulation
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Primarily used as a functional ingredient rather than for marketing appeal, making dusting unlikely
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Highly stable under standard cosmetic storage conditions due to secondary alcohol structure being less reactive to oxidation than primary alcohols. Poor water solubility (1.12 g/L) but miscible with ethanol and organic solvents.
Synergies
- Ethanol
- Other organic solvents
- Waxes and fats
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents
- Strong acids
Safety
Safety Profile
Generally considered safe when used within recommended concentrations. Pure form classified as skin and eye irritant (Category 2) under GHS, but safe at typical cosmetic usage levels.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A multifunctional ingredient that enhances product performance through penetration enhancement and emollient properties, though moderate irritancy limits use in sensitive skin formulations.
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Similar Ingredients
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References
Sources