Science
Mechanism of Action
Functions as a primary intermediate in oxidative coloring by penetrating hair cortex under alkaline pH conditions, then undergoing oxidation and coupling reactions to form large, stable pigment polymers trapped within hair structure
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence1.02%
Key findings
- 01 SCCS evaluation (SCCS/1381/10) established safety at maximum 1.02% concentration in oxidative hair dye formulations
- 02 Parent compound studies demonstrate primary intermediate activity with notable sensitization potential in patch testing
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Not applicable for skincare formulations as this ingredient is restricted to hair coloring applications only
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Requires oxygen-free, light-protected environments for stability; commonly paired with antioxidants like Sodium Sulfite; highly reactive with oxidizing agents
Synergies
- Sodium Sulfite (antioxidant protection)
- Coupler molecules (for color formation)
- Alkaline buffers (for pH optimization)
Conflicts
- Oxidizing agents (premature reaction)
- Strong acids (pH incompatibility)
- Heavy metal ions (discoloration risk)
Safety
Safety Profile
European SCCS approval limited to hair and professional eyelash applications only; classified as skin sensitizer with allergenic potential
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Specialized hair coloring ingredient with high sensitization risk, inappropriate for facial skincare applications.
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References
Sources