Science
Mechanism of Action
Functions primarily through olfactory enhancement and antimicrobial activity, with EC50 values ranging from 13 to 145.8 μg/mL against various skin pathogens. When present in yeast extracts, contributes to antioxidant activity and melanin synthesis reduction through tyrosinase pathway inhibition.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Medium confidence0.01%
Key findings
- 01 MDPI study demonstrated antimicrobial efficacy at 0.0013-0.0146% concentrations
- 02 CIR assessment confirmed contribution to hyperpigmentation reduction in yeast extract formulations
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Primarily used as a trace component in fragrance concentrates and yeast extracts rather than as a standalone active ingredient, making dusting unlikely.
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Demonstrates high thermal stability as a Maillard reaction product. Water solubility approximately 1473 mg/L, with complete miscibility in oils and ethanol. Most stable under alkaline conditions.
Synergies
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae extract
- Other yeast-derived compounds
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents
- Strong acids
Safety
Safety Profile
Generally recognized as safe when used in typical trace amounts (0.01-0.1%). May cause irritation to skin and eyes in undiluted forms, with LD50 of 460 mg/kg in rats.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
A specialized fragrance component with modest antimicrobial benefits, most valuable when present in complex yeast extract formulations.
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References
Sources