Science
Mechanism of Action
Functions as a coupler in oxidative reactions, working with primary intermediates and hydrogen peroxide to form large colored molecules within hair shafts through electrophilic aromatic substitution processes
Research
Clinical Evidence
High confidence0.15%
Key findings
- 01 SCCS safety assessment confirmed consumer-safe maximum concentration for oxidative hair dye applications after hydrogen peroxide mixing
- 02 Human epidermis testing via Episkin model demonstrated non-irritant classification under controlled conditions
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
Not applicable for skincare formulations as this ingredient is exclusively used in hair dye applications with strict regulatory concentration limits
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
Excellent stability in dry powder form with 8-day solution stability at room temperature; alkaline environments enhance oxidative dyeing reactions
Conflicts
- Strong oxidizing agents outside controlled reactions
- Strong reducing agents
- Nitrosating agents due to nitrosamine formation potential
Safety
Safety Profile
European Annex III regulations restrict maximum 0.15% concentration after mixing; prohibited for eyelash and eyebrow applications; classified as strong skin sensitizer
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Specialized hair dye ingredient with high sensitization potential and no established skincare benefits, making it unsuitable for precision skincare formulations.
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