Science
Mechanism of Action
Its primary function is olfactory, acting as a perfuming agent. It delivers a complex aromatic profile characterized by amber, musky, animalic, and earthy notes, thereby enhancing the sensory experience of a product without directly impacting skin physiological processes.
Research
Clinical Evidence
Insufficient-data confidenceN/A
Transparency
Dusting Analysis
The Formula
Formulation
Stability
This ingredient exhibits lipophilic properties, with reported logP values ranging from 2.8 to 4.6 at 25°C, indicating its oil-soluble nature. While sparingly soluble in water (e.g., 134.3 mg/L at 25°C estimated), it demonstrates good solubility in alcohol. Specific optimal pH range for stability is not available.
Safety
Safety Profile
The Research Institute for Fragrance Materials (RIFM) has conducted a peer-reviewed safety assessment, concluding that this ingredient is safe for use in everyday products at current exposure levels (0.21 μg/kg/day), which is below the TTC of 9 μg/kg bw/day for Cramer Class II materials. RIFM studies determined it to be non-genotoxic and non-sensitizing in three human repeat insult patch tests (HRIPTs), with its chemical structure suggesting no reactivity with skin proteins. The Dermal Sensitization Threshold (DST) of 900 μg/cm2 further supports a low risk for skin sensitization. However, its safety has not been reviewed by the CIR. Aggregated GHS information from the ECHA C&L Inventory indicates that 32.9% of reports classify it as H315 ('Causes skin irritation'), while 67.1% report no GHS hazard criteria met. Environment Canada categorizes it as not expected to be toxic, harmful, persistent, or bioaccumulative in the environment. Typical concentrations in finished cosmetic products like skin creams, shampoos, and hair/deodorant sprays range from 0.2-1%, and in deodorant sticks from 1-3%.
Your Skin
Skin Compatibility
Our Assessment
Verdict
Primarily serving as a fragrance component to impart an amber, musky aroma, this ingredient is considered optional in precision skincare formulations due to a lack of direct therapeutic skin benefits, despite a generally favorable safety profile at recommended cosmetic concentrations.
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